See custume on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kastom"
}
],
"lang": "Bislama",
"lang_code": "bi",
"word": "kastom"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kastom"
}
],
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"lang_code": "tpi",
"word": "kastom"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "custom"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "custom"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "custome"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "custom"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "custom"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "custom"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "custum"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "custom"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "custume"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "custume"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman custume",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "cōnsuētūdō",
"4": "cōnsuētūdinem"
},
"expansion": "Latin cōnsuētūdinem",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1200"
},
"expansion": "First attested in c. 1200",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman custume, from Latin cōnsuētūdinem. First attested in c. 1200.\nAs evidenced by forms such as custome, forms with initial stress and concomitant vowel reduction were common from an early stage (perhaps reinforced by forms such as custumable); though compare the rime custume:volume in the Wife of Bath's Tale.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "custumes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "costom",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "costome",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "custom",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "custome",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "custum",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "custumme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kostome",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "custoum",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "custowme",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "custwm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "custwme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cwstwme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "quostome",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "custume",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "custumes"
},
"expansion": "custume (plural custumes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "acustumed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "acustumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "custumable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "custumably"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "custumarie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "custumen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "custumer"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 21 20 16 13 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 15 24 22 5 11",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "enm:Human behaviour",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 11 10 14 23",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Trading",
"orig": "enm:Trading",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A habit; a routine action or practice:",
"A convention or tradition; a long-established community practice."
],
"id": "en-custume-enm-noun-n8t~fpI5",
"links": [
[
"habit",
"habit"
],
[
"routine",
"routine"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"practice",
"practice"
],
[
"convention",
"convention"
],
[
"tradition",
"tradition"
],
[
"long",
"long"
],
[
"establish",
"establish"
],
[
"community",
"community"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "enm:Law",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "19 21 20 16 13 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 15 24 22 5 11",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "enm:Human behaviour",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 11 10 14 23",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Trading",
"orig": "enm:Trading",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A habit; a routine action or practice:",
"A customary law or right."
],
"id": "en-custume-enm-noun-1igt6EHm",
"links": [
[
"habit",
"habit"
],
[
"routine",
"routine"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"practice",
"practice"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"customary",
"customary"
],
[
"law",
"law"
],
[
"right",
"right"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A habit; a routine action or practice:",
"(law) A customary law or right."
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 21 20 16 13 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 15 24 22 5 11",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "enm:Human behaviour",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 8 39 32 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Taxation",
"orig": "enm:Taxation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 11 10 14 23",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Trading",
"orig": "enm:Trading",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fee or tax, especially:",
"A customary payment made or service performed by a tenant."
],
"id": "en-custume-enm-noun-stphu0xU",
"links": [
[
"fee",
"fee"
],
[
"tax",
"tax"
],
[
"customary",
"customary"
],
[
"payment",
"payment"
],
[
"service",
"service"
],
[
"tenant",
"tenant"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 21 20 16 13 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 15 24 22 5 11",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "enm:Human behaviour",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 8 39 32 8 4",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Taxation",
"orig": "enm:Taxation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fee or tax, especially:",
"A duty levied on imported or exported goods."
],
"id": "en-custume-enm-noun-sGyDtbTJ",
"links": [
[
"fee",
"fee"
],
[
"tax",
"tax"
],
[
"duty",
"duty"
],
[
"levied",
"levy"
],
[
"import",
"import"
],
[
"export",
"export"
],
[
"good",
"good"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 21 20 16 13 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 11 10 14 23",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Trading",
"orig": "enm:Trading",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A usual or expected result."
],
"id": "en-custume-enm-noun-dA6BoJuK",
"links": [
[
"usual",
"usual"
],
[
"expect",
"expect"
],
[
"result",
"result"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A usual or expected result."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kuˈstiu̯m(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkustum(ə)/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Wife of Bath's Tale"
],
"word": "custume"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "custume",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "custumen"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "19 21 20 16 13 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 15 24 22 5 11",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Human behaviour",
"orig": "enm:Human behaviour",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 21 11 10 14 23",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Trading",
"orig": "enm:Trading",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of custumen"
],
"id": "en-custume-enm-verb-w42D6zyt",
"links": [
[
"custumen",
"custumen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "custume"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ḱóm"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *ḱóm",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "swé"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *swé",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la-vul",
"3": "",
"4": "*cōnsuētūmen"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *cōnsuētūmen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "cōnsuētūdinem"
},
"expansion": "Latin cōnsuētūdinem",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "itc-ola",
"3": "com"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin com",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kom",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱóm",
"4": "",
"5": "with, along"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“with, along”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swe-dʰh₁-sk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swe-dʰh₁-sk-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suus",
"3": "",
"4": "one's own, his own"
},
"expansion": "Latin suus (“one's own, his own”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *ḱóm\n PIE word\n *swé\nFrom coustume, from Vulgar Latin *cōnsuētūmen or *costūmen, from Latin cōnsuētūdinem, accusative singular of cōnsuētūdō (“custom, habit”), from cōnsuēscō (“accustom, habituate”), from con- (“with”) + suēscō (“become used or accustomed to”). First element con- derives from cum, from Old Latin com, from Proto-Italic *kom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“with, along”). Second element suēscō is from Proto-Indo-European *swe-dʰh₁-sk-, from *swé (“self”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to put, place, set”); related to Latin suus (“one's own, his own”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "custume oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "custumes",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "custume",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "custumes",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "custume oblique singular, f (oblique plural custumes, nominative singular custume, nominative plural custumes)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "coustume"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Anglo-Norman",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 5 6 2 3 33 36 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 8 9 2 2 30 35 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
33,
40
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
49,
59
]
],
"english": "He went there with his friends, according to the traditions of the land",
"ref": "c. 1250, Marie de France, Yonec:",
"text": "[…] il i alast od ses amis, a la custume del païs",
"translation": "He went there with his friends, according to the traditions of the land",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Anglo-Norman form of coustume"
],
"id": "en-custume-fro-noun-BlXdaUGy",
"links": [
[
"coustume",
"coustume#Old_French"
]
],
"tags": [
"Anglo-Norman",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"word": "custume"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "costume"
},
{
"lang": "Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-leo",
"word": "costume"
},
{
"lang": "Mirandese",
"lang_code": "mwl",
"word": "questume"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ole",
"2": "la",
"3": "consuetudo",
"4": "consuētūdinem",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin consuētūdinem",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ole",
"2": "la",
"3": "consuetudo",
"4": "consuētūdinem"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin consuētūdinem",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin consuētūdinem.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "costume",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ole",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "custume",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Leonese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 4 5 6 2 3 33 36 2 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 3 8 9 2 2 30 35 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(give) to the men of the church in accordance with the custom of the land / and that who is defeated may pay in accordance to the custom of the land / that they go as they heard it usually",
"text": "1017, Fuero de León\na los sennores de yglesia assi como fuer custume de la tierra / et aquel que fur uençido peche por custume dela tierra / que uayam assi commo lo ouieron de costume.",
"translation": "(give) to the men of the church in accordance with the custom of the land / and that who is defeated may pay in accordance to the custom of the land / that they go as they heard it usually",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"custom, tradition"
],
"id": "en-custume-roa-ole-noun-EBcHwYM4",
"links": [
[
"custom",
"custom"
],
[
"tradition",
"tradition"
]
]
}
],
"word": "custume"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "custumes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "custume m (plural custumes)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "costume"
},
{
"word": "nowadays an eye dialect or a misspelling"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"obsolete spelling of costume, nowadays an eye dialect or a misspelling"
],
"id": "en-custume-pt-noun-0CHgGAfK",
"links": [
[
"costume",
"costume#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "custume"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "custume",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "costume"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"obsolete spelling of costume"
],
"id": "en-custume-pt-verb-COv9W3NI",
"links": [
[
"costume",
"costume#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "custume"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English alternative forms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Human behaviour",
"enm:Taxation",
"enm:Trading"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kastom"
}
],
"lang": "Bislama",
"lang_code": "bi",
"word": "kastom"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "kastom"
}
],
"lang": "Tok Pisin",
"lang_code": "tpi",
"word": "kastom"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "custom"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "custom"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "custome"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "custom"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "custom"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "custom"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "custum"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Scots",
"lang_code": "sco",
"word": "custom"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "custume"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "xno",
"3": "custume"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman custume",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "cōnsuētūdō",
"4": "cōnsuētūdinem"
},
"expansion": "Latin cōnsuētūdinem",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c",
"2": "1200"
},
"expansion": "First attested in c. 1200",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Anglo-Norman custume, from Latin cōnsuētūdinem. First attested in c. 1200.\nAs evidenced by forms such as custome, forms with initial stress and concomitant vowel reduction were common from an early stage (perhaps reinforced by forms such as custumable); though compare the rime custume:volume in the Wife of Bath's Tale.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "custumes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "costom",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "costome",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "custom",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "custome",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "custum",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "custumme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "kostome",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "custoum",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "custowme",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "custwm",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "custwme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "cwstwme",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "quostome",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "custume",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "custumes"
},
"expansion": "custume (plural custumes)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "acustumed"
},
{
"word": "acustumen"
},
{
"word": "custumable"
},
{
"word": "custumably"
},
{
"word": "custumarie"
},
{
"word": "custumen"
},
{
"word": "custumer"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A habit; a routine action or practice:",
"A convention or tradition; a long-established community practice."
],
"links": [
[
"habit",
"habit"
],
[
"routine",
"routine"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"practice",
"practice"
],
[
"convention",
"convention"
],
[
"tradition",
"tradition"
],
[
"long",
"long"
],
[
"establish",
"establish"
],
[
"community",
"community"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"enm:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"A habit; a routine action or practice:",
"A customary law or right."
],
"links": [
[
"habit",
"habit"
],
[
"routine",
"routine"
],
[
"action",
"action"
],
[
"practice",
"practice"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"customary",
"customary"
],
[
"law",
"law"
],
[
"right",
"right"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"A habit; a routine action or practice:",
"(law) A customary law or right."
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A fee or tax, especially:",
"A customary payment made or service performed by a tenant."
],
"links": [
[
"fee",
"fee"
],
[
"tax",
"tax"
],
[
"customary",
"customary"
],
[
"payment",
"payment"
],
[
"service",
"service"
],
[
"tenant",
"tenant"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A fee or tax, especially:",
"A duty levied on imported or exported goods."
],
"links": [
[
"fee",
"fee"
],
[
"tax",
"tax"
],
[
"duty",
"duty"
],
[
"levied",
"levy"
],
[
"import",
"import"
],
[
"export",
"export"
],
[
"good",
"good"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A usual or expected result."
],
"links": [
[
"usual",
"usual"
],
[
"expect",
"expect"
],
[
"result",
"result"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A usual or expected result."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kuˈstiu̯m(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkustum(ə)/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Wife of Bath's Tale"
],
"word": "custume"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English alternative forms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Human behaviour",
"enm:Taxation",
"enm:Trading"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "custume",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "custumen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of custumen"
],
"links": [
[
"custumen",
"custumen#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "custume"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰeh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ḱóm"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *ḱóm",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "swé"
},
"expansion": "PIE word\n *swé",
"name": "PIE word"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la-vul",
"3": "",
"4": "*cōnsuētūmen"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *cōnsuētūmen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "la",
"3": "cōnsuētūdinem"
},
"expansion": "Latin cōnsuētūdinem",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "itc-ola",
"3": "com"
},
"expansion": "Old Latin com",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kom",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱóm",
"4": "",
"5": "with, along"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“with, along”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*swe-dʰh₁-sk-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *swe-dʰh₁-sk-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "suus",
"3": "",
"4": "one's own, his own"
},
"expansion": "Latin suus (“one's own, his own”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "PIE word\n *ḱóm\n PIE word\n *swé\nFrom coustume, from Vulgar Latin *cōnsuētūmen or *costūmen, from Latin cōnsuētūdinem, accusative singular of cōnsuētūdō (“custom, habit”), from cōnsuēscō (“accustom, habituate”), from con- (“with”) + suēscō (“become used or accustomed to”). First element con- derives from cum, from Old Latin com, from Proto-Italic *kom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“with, along”). Second element suēscō is from Proto-Indo-European *swe-dʰh₁-sk-, from *swé (“self”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to put, place, set”); related to Latin suus (“one's own, his own”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "custume oblique singular or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "custumes",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "custume",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "custumes",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "custume oblique singular, f (oblique plural custumes, nominative singular custume, nominative plural custumes)",
"name": "fro-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "coustume"
}
],
"categories": [
"Anglo-Norman",
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French feminine nouns",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French nouns",
"Old French terms derived from Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Old Latin",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old French terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Old French terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁-",
"Old French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *swé",
"Old French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *ḱóm",
"Old French terms inherited from Latin",
"Old French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin",
"Old French terms with quotations",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
33,
40
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
49,
59
]
],
"english": "He went there with his friends, according to the traditions of the land",
"ref": "c. 1250, Marie de France, Yonec:",
"text": "[…] il i alast od ses amis, a la custume del païs",
"translation": "He went there with his friends, according to the traditions of the land",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Anglo-Norman form of coustume"
],
"links": [
[
"coustume",
"coustume#Old_French"
]
],
"tags": [
"Anglo-Norman",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"word": "custume"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"word": "costume"
},
{
"lang": "Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-leo",
"word": "costume"
},
{
"lang": "Mirandese",
"lang_code": "mwl",
"word": "questume"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ole",
"2": "la",
"3": "consuetudo",
"4": "consuētūdinem",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Latin consuētūdinem",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ole",
"2": "la",
"3": "consuetudo",
"4": "consuētūdinem"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Latin consuētūdinem",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin consuētūdinem.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "costume",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-ole",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "custume",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Leonese",
"lang_code": "roa-ole",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Leonese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Leonese lemmas",
"Old Leonese nouns",
"Old Leonese terms derived from Latin",
"Old Leonese terms inherited from Latin",
"Old Leonese terms with quotations",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(give) to the men of the church in accordance with the custom of the land / and that who is defeated may pay in accordance to the custom of the land / that they go as they heard it usually",
"text": "1017, Fuero de León\na los sennores de yglesia assi como fuer custume de la tierra / et aquel que fur uençido peche por custume dela tierra / que uayam assi commo lo ouieron de costume.",
"translation": "(give) to the men of the church in accordance with the custom of the land / and that who is defeated may pay in accordance to the custom of the land / that they go as they heard it usually",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"custom, tradition"
],
"links": [
[
"custom",
"custom"
],
[
"tradition",
"tradition"
]
]
}
],
"word": "custume"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese masculine nouns",
"Portuguese non-lemma forms",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese verb forms"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "custumes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "custume m (plural custumes)",
"name": "pt-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "costume"
},
{
"word": "nowadays an eye dialect or a misspelling"
}
],
"categories": [
"Portuguese obsolete forms"
],
"glosses": [
"obsolete spelling of costume, nowadays an eye dialect or a misspelling"
],
"links": [
[
"costume",
"costume#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "custume"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese countable nouns",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese lemmas",
"Portuguese masculine nouns",
"Portuguese non-lemma forms",
"Portuguese nouns",
"Portuguese verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "custume",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "costume"
}
],
"categories": [
"Portuguese obsolete forms"
],
"glosses": [
"obsolete spelling of costume"
],
"links": [
[
"costume",
"costume#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"word": "custume"
}
Download raw JSONL data for custume meaning in All languages combined (12.7kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'custume oblique singular or', originally 'custume oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"custume"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "custume",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'custume oblique singular or', originally 'custume oblique singular or f'",
"path": [
"custume"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "custume",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['feminine', 'canonical']: 'custume oblique singular or' in 'custume oblique singular, f (oblique plural custumes, nominative singular custume, nominative plural custumes)'",
"path": [
"custume"
],
"section": "Old French",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "custume",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (a0f6d7f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.